Layer 1: Superficial Plantar Muscles of the Foot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n\n
\n\t
Flexor digitorum longus<\/td>
posterior surface of tibia.<\/td>
distal phalanges of toes II-V.<\/td>
ankle plantar flexion, flexion of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Flexor digitorum brevis<\/td>
calcaneus, medial calcaneal tuberosity.<\/td>
sides of plantar surface of middle phalanges, digits 2-5.<\/td>
flex digits 2-5 at proximal IP joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Abductor hallucis<\/td>
calcaneus, medial calcaneal tuberosity.<\/td>
base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit.<\/td>
abduct and flex 1st digit at 1st MTP joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Abductor digiti minimi<\/td>
calcaneus, medial calcaneal tuberosity.<\/td>
base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit.<\/td>
abduct and flex 5th digit at MTP joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
Innervated by: abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis–medial plantar nerve (branch of tibial nerve); abductor digiti minimi–lateral plantar nerve (branch of tibial nerve); ventral rami of S1, S2, S3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Layer 3: Plantar Muscles of the Foot<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n\n
\n\t
Flexor hallucis longus<\/td>
inferior 2\/3 of fibula.<\/td>
distal phalanges of great toe.<\/td>
ankle plantar flexion, flexion of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Flexor hallucis brevis<\/td>
cuboid, lateral cuneiform.<\/td>
base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit.<\/td>
flex 1st digit at MTP joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Adductor hallucis<\/td>
transverse head\u2014MTP joints of digits 3-5; oblique head\u2014base of metatarsals 2-5.<\/td>
base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit (lateral side).<\/td>
adduct 1st digit at MTP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Flexor digiti minimi brevis<\/td>
base of 5th metatarsal.<\/td>
base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit (lateral side).<\/td>
flex 5th digit at MTP joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
tendons of extensor digitorum longus (lateral sides).<\/td>
extend digits 2-5.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Extensor digitorum longus<\/td>
lateral condyle of tibia, anterior fibula, interosseous membrane.<\/td>
middle and distal phalanges of toes II-V.<\/td>
ankle dorsiflexion, extension of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Extensor hallucis brevis<\/td>
calcaneus (superolateral surface).<\/td>
base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit.<\/td>
extend metatarsarophoalangeal joint of 1st toe.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n\t
Extensor hallucis longus<\/td>
anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane.<\/td>
distal phalanx of great toe.<\/td>
ankle dorsiflexion; extension of proximal phalanx of great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
![https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/6\/6d\/Arches_of_foot.jpg<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\nSupporting Structures of the Arches<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\nSustentaculum tali<\/li>Spring ligament<\/a> (calcaneonavicular). <\/li>Long plantar ligament.<\/a><\/li>Short plantar ligament<\/a>.<\/li>Tibialis anterior<\/a>.<\/li>Fibularis longus<\/a>.<\/li>Tibialis posterior<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nPlantar Aponeurosis<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nTuberosity of 5th Metatarsal<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nSuperior Extensor Retinaculum<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nInferior Extensor Retinaculum<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nDetailed Studies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nNotes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nReferences<\/p>\n\n\n\nhttps:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/Arches_of_the_Foot<\/a><\/li>https:\/\/teachmeanatomy.info\/lower-limb\/nerves\/deep-fibular\/<\/a><\/li>https:\/\/teachmeanatomy.info\/lower-limb\/nerves\/superficial-fibular-nerve\/<\/a><\/li>https:\/\/teachmeanatomy.info\/lower-limb\/nerves\/tibial-nerve\/<\/a><\/li>https:\/\/teachmeanatomy.info\/lower-limb\/nerves\/common-fibular-nerve\/<\/a><\/li>https:\/\/www.imaios.com\/en\/e-Anatomy\/Anatomical-Parts\/Lateral-plantar-nerve<\/a><\/li>](\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/6\/6d\/Arches_of_foot.jpg\"){kind=link}