{"id":6234,"date":"2020-01-20T09:11:23","date_gmt":"2020-01-20T17:11:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/?page_id=6234"},"modified":"2020-01-22T23:15:57","modified_gmt":"2020-01-23T07:15:57","slug":"region-hand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/region-hand\/","title":{"rendered":"REGION: HAND"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Studying anatomy &amp; physiology grouped by regions of the body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>WORK IN PROGRESS&#8230;LAST UPDATE 01.20.2020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hand<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bones of the Hand<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"\"><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Pisiform<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\">Triqu<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"etrum\nHamat (opens in a new tab)\">etrum<br>Hamat<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\">e<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Capitate<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Trapezoid<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Trapezium<\/a> <\/td><td> <a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Lunate<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Scaphoid<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Metacarpals<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-wristhand\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)<\/a> <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Muscles of the Thenar Eminence<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-24\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-24\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Opponens pollicis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">flexor retinaculum, trapezium.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">lateral 1st metacarpal.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">thumb opposition (medially rotate first metacarpal).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Abductor pollicis brevis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">base of proximal phalanx of thumb.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">abduct thumb at MCP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Flexor pollicis brevis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">flexor retinaculum, trapezium.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">base of proximal phalanx of thumb.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">flexes thumb at MCP.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-24 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-abductorpollicisbrevis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Abductor pollicis brevis<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-flexorpollicisbrevis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Flexor pollicis brevis<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-opponenspollicis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Opponens pollicis<\/a>  <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Innervated by brand of median nerve, primarily T1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hand: Hypothenar Muscles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-25\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-25\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Abductor digiti minimi<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">pisiform, pisohamate ligament<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">proximal phalanx of 5th digit and extensor hood.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">abduction of 5th digit at MCP joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Flexor digiti minimi brevis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">proximal phalanx of 5th digit.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">flexes 5th digit at MCP joint.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Opponens digiti minimi<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">5th metacarpal shaft.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">opposition with thumb by laterally rotating 5th metacarpal.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-25 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-abductordigitiminimibrevis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Abductor digiti minimi<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-flexiordigitiminimimanus\/\" target=\"_blank\">Flexor digiti minimi brevis<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-opponensdigitiminimi\/\" target=\"_blank\">Opponens digiti minimi<\/a>  <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Innervated by ulnar nerve, primarily T1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hand: Other Muscles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-26\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-26\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">Adductor pollicis (transverse &amp; oblique heads) <\/th><th class=\"column-2\">bases of 2nd &amp; 3rd metacarpals, capitate, metacarpal 3.<\/th><th class=\"column-3\">base of proximal phalanx of thumb.<\/th><th class=\"column-4\">adduct thumb.<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Palmaris brevis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">dermis of skin on medial side of hand.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">augment grip.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Palmar interossei<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">sides of metacarpals 2, 4, 5.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">extensor expansions of proximal phalanges 2, 4, 5 digits.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">adduct 2, 4, 5 digits.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Dorsal interossei<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">sides of adjacent metacarpals.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">extensor expansions and base of proximal phalanges of 2-4 digits.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">abduct 2-4 digits.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Lumbricals 1-4<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">tendons of flexor digitorum profundus.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">extensor expansions of 2-5th digits.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">flex MCP joints, extend IP joint of 2-5.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-26 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-lumbricalsmanus\/\" target=\"_blank\">Lumbricals 1-4<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-palmarinterossei\/\" target=\"_blank\">Palmar interossei<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-dorsalinterosseimanus\/\" target=\"_blank\">Dorsal interossei<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-palmarisbrevis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Palmaris brevis<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-adductorpollicis\/\" target=\"_blank\">Adductor pollicis<\/a> (transverse &amp; oblique heads)  <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Innervated by ulnar nerve except lumbricals 2&amp;3 by median nerve (primarily T1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Joints<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Interphalangeal (hinge)<\/li><li>Metacarpophalangeal (condyloid)<\/li><li>Carpometacarpal (plane)<\/li><li>Intercarpal (plane)<\/li><li>Thumb CMC (saddle)<\/li><li>Intermedicarpal (plane)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ligaments\/Tendons<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/ligamentstendons\/collateral-ligaments-manus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Collateral ligaments (opens in a new tab)\">Collateral ligaments<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/ligamentstendons\/palmar-ligaments\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Palmar ligaments (opens in a new tab)\">Palmar ligaments<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vascular Supply<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Innervation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Median nerve (mostly T1)<\/li><li>Ulnar nerve (mostly T1)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clinical\/Pathology<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Osteoarthritis<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Swollen joints. Heberden&#8217;s nodes. Outgrowth of bone (osteophyte). With loss of cartilage, bone rubs on bone. Hyperplasia of synovium w\/inflammation. Subarticular bone cysts. More inflammation (synovium, joint capsule). Cartilage splits\/erodes. Joint space narrowed w\/cartilage loss. Edematous.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rheumatoid Arthritis<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trigger Finger<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyclist&#8217;s Palsy<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scaphoid Fracture<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Carpal Tunnel Syndrome<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Median nerve entrapment.<\/li><li>Opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, lumbricals 1&amp;2.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ligaments\/Tendons<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Collateral<\/li><li>Palmar (palmar ligaments surround flexor tendons).<\/li><li>Deep transverse metacarpal <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other Features<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Fibrous digital sheaths<\/li><li>Extensor expansions<\/li><li>Thenar eminence <\/li><li>Hypothenar eminence<\/li><li>Palmar aponeurosis (longitudinal fibers, transverse fibers, flexor retinaculum).<\/li><li>Dupuytren&#8217;s Contracture<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Detailed Studies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Notes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Biel,&nbsp;A. (2015).&nbsp;<em>Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cedars-Sinai. (2018). Vertebrae of the spine. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cedars-sinai.org\/health-library\/diseases-and-conditions\/v\/vertebrae-of-the-spine.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jenkins,&nbsp;G., &amp; Tortora,&nbsp;G.&nbsp;J. (2012).&nbsp;<em>Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu<\/em>. John Wiley &amp; Sons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Muscolino,&nbsp;J.&nbsp;E. (2017).&nbsp;<em>The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Studying anatomy &amp; physiology grouped by regions of the body. WORK IN PROGRESS&#8230;LAST UPDATE 01.20.2020 Hand Bones of the Hand PisiformTriquetrumHamateCapitateTrapezoidTrapezium LunateScaphoidMetacarpalsPhalanges (proximal, middle, distal) Muscles of the Thenar Eminence Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Innervated by brand of median nerve, primarily T1. Hand: Hypothenar Muscles Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6234","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6234"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6622,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6234\/revisions\/6622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}