{"id":6593,"date":"2020-01-22T17:50:39","date_gmt":"2020-01-23T01:50:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/?page_id=6593"},"modified":"2020-01-24T00:15:19","modified_gmt":"2020-01-24T08:15:19","slug":"region-posterior-thigh","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/region-posterior-thigh\/","title":{"rendered":"REGION: POSTERIOR THIGH"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Studying anatomy &amp; physiology grouped by regions of the body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>WORK IN PROGRESS&#8230;LAST UPDATE 01.22.2020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bony Landmarks of the Pelvis\/Coxa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-4\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-4\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Ilium<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Sacroiliac joint<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Iliac crest<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Sacrum: pelvic surface<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Iliac fossa<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Sacrum: lateral part<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Sacral canal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Posterior sacral foramins<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Superior articular process<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS)<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Promontory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-8\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Anterior sacral foramina<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Sacral hiatus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-9\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Ischium<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Median sacral crest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-10\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Ischial spine<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Greater sciatic notch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-11\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Ischial tuberosity<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Lesser sciatic notch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-12\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Pubis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Obturator foramen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-13\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Pectin pubis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Acetabulum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-14\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Public tubercle<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Acetabular margin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-15\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Superior pubic ramus<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Coxa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-16\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Inferior pubic ramus<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Coccyx<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-17\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Pubic symphasis<\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-4 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Skeletal Structures- The Pelvis\" width=\"980\" height=\"551\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-_0T5rAjHQA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bony Landmarks of the Femur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-5\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-5\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Femoral head<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Intercondyloid fossa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Femoral neck<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Linea aspera<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Greater trochanter<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Gluteal line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Lesser trochanter<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Fovea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Trochanteric fossa<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Adductor tubercle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Epiphyseal line<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Quadratus tubercle<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Intertrochanteric line<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Intertrochanteric crest<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-8\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Femoral shaft<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Pectineal line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-9\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Lateral epicondyle<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Spiral line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-10\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Medial epicondyle<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Medial supracondylar line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-11\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Lateral condyle<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Lateral supracondylar line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-12\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Medial condyle<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Intercondylar line<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-13\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Patellar trochlea<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">Popliteal surface<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-5 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bone Details<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-patella\/\" target=\"_blank\">Patella<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-lph\/\" target=\"_blank\">Lumbopelvichip Complex<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-femur\/\" target=\"_blank\">Femur<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-vertebral-column-sacrum\/\" target=\"_blank\">Sacrum<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-vertebral-column-coccyx\/\" target=\"_blank\">Coccyx<\/a>  <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Posterior Thigh Muscles<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-21\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-21\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Biceps femoris short head<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">linea aspera.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">fibular head.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">knee flexion; lateral rotation of leg when knee is bent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Biceps femoris long head<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">ischial tuberosity.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">fibular head.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">hip extension (because it also crosses the hip joint); knee flexion; lateral rotation of leg when knee is flexed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Semitendinosus<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">ischial tuberosity.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">anterior, medial, proximal tibia via pes anserinus.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">hip extension; knee flexion.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Semimembranosus<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">ischial tuberosity.<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">posterior medial condyle of tibia.<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">hip extension; knee flexion.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<!-- #tablepress-21 from cache -->\n\n\n\n<p>Innervated by: biceps femoris (short &amp; long heads) semitendinosus, semimembranosus by tibial division L5-S3; biceps femoris short head by fibular division L5-S2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-bicepsfemoris\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Biceps femoris long head<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-bicepsfemoris\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Biceps femoris short head<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-semitendinosus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Semitendinosus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologymuscles\/muscles-semimembranosus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Semimembranosus<\/a> <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Joints<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tibiofemoral<\/li><li>Patellofemoral <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ligaments\/Tendons<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sacrotuberous<\/li><li>Posterior cruciate <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vascular Supply<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/internal-iliac-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Internal iliac artery (opens in a new tab)\">Internal iliac artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/external-iliac-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"External iliac artery (opens in a new tab)\">External iliac artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/superior-gluteal-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Superior gluteal artery (opens in a new tab)\">Superior gluteal artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/superior-gluteal-vein\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Superior gluteal vein (opens in a new tab)\">Superior gluteal vein<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/inferior-gluteal-vein\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Inferior gluteal artery (opens in a new tab)\">Inferior gluteal artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/inferior-gluteal-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Inferior gluteal vein (opens in a new tab)\">Inferior gluteal vein<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/piriformis-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Piriformis artery (opens in a new tab)\">Piriformis artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/obturator-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Obturator artery (opens in a new tab)\">Obturator artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/femoral-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Femoral artery (opens in a new tab)\">Femoral artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/lateral-femoral-circumflex-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Lateral femoral circumflex artery (opens in a new tab)\">Lateral femoral circumflex artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/medial-femoral-circumflex-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Medial femoral circumflex artery (opens in a new tab)\">Medial femoral circumflex artery<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/deep-artery-of-thigh-profunda-femoris\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Deep artery of thigh\/profunda femoris artery (opens in a new tab)\">Deep artery of thigh\/profunda femoris artery<\/a> <\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/vessels\/first-perforating-artery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"First, second, and third perforating arteries (opens in a new tab)\">First, second, and third perforating arteries<\/a> <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Innervation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Lumbar plexus.<\/li><li>*Sacral plexus =\nanterior rami, L4-S4.<\/li><li>Anterior rami of\nspinal nerves, L1-L4.<\/li><li>Femoral nerve,\nL2-4.<\/li><li>Obturator nerve,\nL2-4.<\/li><li>Lateral cutaneous\nnerve of thigh, L2-3.<\/li><li>Sciatic nerve,\nL4-S3.<\/li><li>Tibial division\n(of common peroneal), L4-S3.<\/li><li>Fibular division\n(of common peroneal), L4-S2.<\/li><li>Superior gluteal\nnerve, L5-S1.<\/li><li>Inferior gluteal\nnerve, L5-S1\/2.<\/li><li>Piriformis,\nL5-S1\/2.<\/li><li>Obturator\ninternus, superior gamelli, L5-S1.<\/li><li>Quadratus femoris,\ninferior gamelli, L5-S1.<\/li><li>Cluneal\nnerves\u2014superior, middle, inferior. Cutaneous\/superficial nerves of the\nbuttocks.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Femoral Nerve.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Supplies: hip\nflexors; pectineus; knee extensors.<\/li><li>Cutaneous:\nanterior thigh nerves; saphenous branch of medial leg and foot.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Obturator Nerve.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Supplies:\nhip\/thigh adductors; obturator externus.<\/li><li>Cutaneous: small\npatch of skin over medial thigh (medial and superior to knee crease).<\/li><li>Comes out of the\npelvis via obturator canal of the obturator foramen.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cluneal Nerves\u2014Superior, Middle, Inferior.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li> Cutaneous\/superficial nerves of the buttocks.  <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Quick Check Nerves.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Adduction of toes\n(relative to toe 2). S2, S3.<\/li><li>Hip flexion. L1,\nL2.<\/li><li>Knee extension.\nL3, L4.<\/li><li>Knee flexion.\nL5-S2.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clinical\/Pathology<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Nerve Compression Syndrome.<\/li><li>Compression Neuropathy.<\/li><li>Entrapment Neuropathy.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other Features<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Greater sciatic notch<\/li><li>Lesser sciatic notch<\/li><li>Greater sciatic foramen<\/li><li>Lesser sciatic foramen<\/li><li>Deep Six<\/li><li>Meniscus: Medial and lateral<\/li><li>Tibial plateau<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pes Anserinus (&#8220;goose foot&#8221;).<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>SGT = sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus.  <\/li><li>SGT on AMP (anterior medial proximal surface of the tibia. <\/li><li>SGT has goose foot. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Popliteal Fossa<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>This is a diamond-shaped area in the back of the knee, the popliteal region. <\/li><li>The borders are: semimembranosus; biceps femoris; medial gastrocnemius head; lateral gastrocnemius head (and plantaris). <\/li><li>Contents: tibial nerve; popliteal vein and artery (continuations of femoral vein and artery); small saphenous; common fibular nerve; popliteal lymph nodes; there is also a superficial vein and nerve in that area.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Detailed Studies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Notes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>References<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Biel,&nbsp;A. (2015).&nbsp;<em>Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cedars-Sinai. (2018). Vertebrae of the spine. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cedars-sinai.org\/health-library\/diseases-and-conditions\/v\/vertebrae-of-the-spine.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jenkins,&nbsp;G., &amp; Tortora,&nbsp;G.&nbsp;J. (2012).&nbsp;<em>Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu<\/em>. John Wiley &amp; Sons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Muscolino,&nbsp;J.&nbsp;E. (2017).&nbsp;<em>The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Studying anatomy &amp; physiology grouped by regions of the body. WORK IN PROGRESS&#8230;LAST UPDATE 01.22.2020 Bony Landmarks of the Pelvis\/Coxa Bony Landmarks of the Femur Bone Details Patella Lumbopelvichip Complex Femur Sacrum Coccyx Posterior Thigh Muscles Innervated by: biceps femoris (short &amp; long heads) semitendinosus, semimembranosus by tibial division L5-S3; biceps femoris short head by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6593","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6593","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6593"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6593\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6782,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6593\/revisions\/6782"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}