{"id":1519,"date":"2018-09-14T23:54:56","date_gmt":"2018-09-14T23:54:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/?p=1519"},"modified":"2020-01-01T02:10:51","modified_gmt":"2020-01-01T10:10:51","slug":"bones-vertebral-column-sacrum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/anatomyphysiologybones\/bones-vertebral-column-sacrum\/","title":{"rendered":"Bones: Vertebral Column, Sacrum."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmstudentresources\/iwmbones\/IWM-APBonesVertebralColumnsacrum.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Download these notes.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Anatomy &amp; Physiology: Bones\u2014Vertebral Column, Sacrum.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Structure.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Five sacral bones fuse (between ages 16-18) to form the sacrum.<\/li>\n<li>Triangular shaped.<\/li>\n<li>The sacrum is a keystone structure for the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex.<\/li>\n<li>Female sacrum (to accomodate childbirth): shorter, wider, and more curved than male sacrum.<\/li>\n<li>The smooth concave portion is directed anteriorly. 4 lines mark the fusion. Bilateral to these lines are 4 sacral foramina from anterior to posterior. Bilaterally like the sacral ala or &#8220;wings&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>Median sacral crest: fused spinous processes.<\/li>\n<li>Lateral sacral crest: fused transverse processes.<\/li>\n<li>Sacral hiatus: the gap created when the laminae of the 4th and 5th sacral vertebra fail to meet or fail to align neatly (can happen sometimes).<\/li>\n<li>Sacral promontory: the anterior projecting border of the superior sacram. This is used as a landmark for measuring the pelvis.<\/li>\n<li>Auricular surface: &#8220;ear&#8221;; bilaterally. Articulates with the ilium of the hip bone forming the sacroiliac joint (SI joint).<\/li>\n<li>Superior articular processes articulate with the inferior articular processes of L5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Function.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Clinical Significance.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"rl-gallery-container rl-loading\" id=\"rl-gallery-container-1\" data-gallery_id=\"5538\"> <div class=\"rl-gallery-description\">Sacrum. Used with permission by 3D4Medical.<\/div> <div class=\"rl-gallery rl-basicgrid-gallery \" id=\"rl-gallery-1\" data-gallery_no=\"1\"> <div class=\"rl-gallery-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0001_Layer-4.jpg\" title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0001_Layer-4-300x226.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"rl-gallery-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0000_Layer-5.jpg\" title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0000_Layer-5-300x226.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"rl-gallery-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0004_Layer-1.jpg\" title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0004_Layer-1-300x226.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"rl-gallery-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0003_Layer-2.jpg\" title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0003_Layer-2-300x226.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"rl-gallery-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0002_Layer-3.jpg\" title=\"\" data-rl_title=\"\" class=\"rl-gallery-link\" data-rl_caption=\"\" data-rel=\"lightbox-gallery-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/sacrum-_0002_Layer-3-300x226.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/div> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>References<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Biel,&nbsp;A. (2015).&nbsp;<em>Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cedars-Sinai. (2018). Vertebrae of the spine. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.cedars-sinai.org\/health-library\/diseases-and-conditions\/v\/vertebrae-of-the-spine.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jenkins,&nbsp;G., &amp; Tortora,&nbsp;G.&nbsp;J. (2012).&nbsp;<em>Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu<\/em>. John Wiley &amp; Sons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Muscolino,&nbsp;J.&nbsp;E. (2017).&nbsp;<em>The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download these notes. Anatomy &amp; Physiology: Bones\u2014Vertebral Column, Sacrum. \u00a0 Structure. Five sacral bones fuse (between ages 16-18) to form the sacrum. Triangular shaped. The sacrum is a keystone structure for the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex. Female sacrum (to accomodate childbirth): shorter, wider, and more curved than male sacrum. The smooth concave portion is directed anteriorly. 4 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anatomyphysiologybones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1519"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1519\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5730,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1519\/revisions\/5730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrativewellnessandmovement.com\/iwmanatphys\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}