Month: September 2018

Posted on by

Muscles: Extensor Hallucis Brevis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Extensor Hallucis Brevis.

Structure.

  • Origin: dorsal surface of calcaneus.
  • Insertion: dorsal surface of big toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: extend big toe at MTP.
  • Reverse mover action: extend metatarsal of big toe at MTP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion of MTP of big toe.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes big toe MTP joint.
  • Innervation: deep fibular (peroneal) nerve.
  • Arterial supply: dorsalis pedis artery.

Clinical Significance.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Extensor Digitorum Brevis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Extensor Digitorum Brevis.

Structure.

  • Origin: calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum.
  • Insertion: tendons of extensor digitorum longus on toes II-IV and proximal phalanx of great toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: extends toes II-IV at interphalangeal joints.
  • Reverse mover action: extend metatarsal at MTP, extend proximal phalanges at PIP and DIP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion of toes 2-4 at MTP, PIP, and DIP; flexion of metatarsals 2-4 at MTP.
  • Isometric action: stabilize MTP, PIP, and DIP.
  • Innervation: deep fibular (peroneal) nerve.
  • Arterial supply: dorsalis pedis artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Flexor Hallucis Longus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Flexor Hallucis Longus.

Structure.

  • Origin: inferior 2/3 of fibula.
  • Insertion: distal phalanges of great toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle plantar flexion, flexion of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion; inversion/supination; flex metatarsal at MTP joint and proximal phalanx at IP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates big toe atMTP and IP, and metatarsal at MTP; dorsiflexion of ankle; eversion at subtalar joint.
  • Isometric action: stabilize ankle, subtalar, and MTP and IP joints.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arterial supply: posterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Flexor Digitorum Longus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Flexor Digitorum Longus.

Structure.

  • Origin: posterior surface of tibia.
  • Insertion: distal phalanges of toes II-V.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle plantar flexion, flexion of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion; inversion/supination of talus at subtalar joint; flex metatarsals at MTP and also proximal phalanges at IP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates ankle dorsiflexion; eversion; extension of toes 2-5 at MTP and IP.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes ankle, subtalar joint, and MTP and IP joints.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arterial supply: posterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Extensor Hallucis Longus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Extensor Hallucis Longus (toes).

Structure.

  • Origin: anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane.
  • Insertion: distal phalanx of great toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle dorsiflexion; extension of proximal phalanx of great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: dorsiflexion and inversion/supination of talus at subtalar joint; extension of metatarsal at MTP and extension of proximal phalanx.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion of big toe at MTP and IP, and metatarsal at MTP; plantarflexion and eversion at subtalar joint.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes ankle and subtalar joints.
  • Innervation: deep fibular (peroneal) nerve.
  • Arterial supply: anterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Extensor Digitorum Longus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Extensor Digitorum Longus.

Structure.

  • Origin: lateral condyle of tibia, anterior fibula, interosseous membrane.
  • Insertion: middle and distal phalanges of toes II-V.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle dorsiflexion, extension of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: dorsiflexion; eversion/pronation of talus at subtalar joint; estend metatarsals at MTP joints and extension of the more proximal phalanges at the IP joints.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion of toes 2-5 at MTP and IP joints; metatarsals 2-5 at MTP joints; plantarflexion; inversion/supination at subtalar joint.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes ankle, subtalar and MTP and IP joints.
  • Innervation: deep fibular (peroneal) nerve.
  • Arterial supply: anterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Tibialis Posterior.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Tibialis Posterior.

Structure.

  • Origin: proximal 2/3 of posterior surface of the tibia and fibula.
  • Insertion: every tarsal bone except the talus; the bases of the 2nd-4th metatarsal bones; main insertion on navicular tuberosity & medial cuneiform.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle plantar flexion & inversion.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion; inversion/supination of talus at subtalar joint.
  • Eccentric action: ankle dorsiflexion and eversion.
  • Isometric action: stabilization of foot arch.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arteral supply: posterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Plantaris.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Plantaris.

Structure.

  • Origin: femur superior to lateral condyle.
  • Insertion: calcaneus via Achilles tendon.

Function.

  • Concentric action: accelerates plantar flexion.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion inversion/supination of talus at subtalar joint.
  • Eccentric action: decelerates ankle dorsiflexion.
  • Isometric action: stabilization of foot and ankle.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arterial supply: sural branches of popliteal artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Soleus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Soleus.

Structure.

  • Origin: posterior surface of the fibular head and proximal one-third of its shaft and from the posterior side of the tibia.
  • Insertion: calcaneus via Achilles tendon.

Function.

  • Concentric action: accelerates plantar flexion.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion; inversion/supination of talus at subtalar joint.
  • Eccentric action: decelerates ankle dorsiflexion.
  • Isometric action: stabilization of foot and ankle.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arterial supply: sural branches of popliteal artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Gastrocnemius.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Gastrocnemius.

Structure.

  • Origin: posterior aspect of the lateral and medial femoral condyles.
  • Insertion: calcaneus via the Achilles tendon.

Function.

  • Concentric action: accelerates plantar flexion.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion, inversion/supination of the talus at subtalar joint.
  • Eccentric action: decelerates ankle dorsiflexion.
  • Isometric action: stabilization of foot and ankle.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arterial supply: sural branches of popliteal artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.