Category: Muscles

Posted on by

Muscles: Lumbricals, Pedis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Lumbricals Pedis.

Structure.

  • Origin: tendons of flexor digitorum longus.
  • Insertion: tendons of extensor digitorum longus on proximal phalanges of toes II-V.

Function.

  • Concentric action: extends toes II-V at interphalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints.
  • Reverse mover action: flex metatarsals at MTP; extend proximal phalanges at PIP and DIP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion at PIP and DIP; extension of MTP.
  • Isometric action: stabilize MTP, PIP, DIP.
  • Innervation: medial and lateral plantar nerves.
  • Arterial supply: medial and lateral arteries, plantar arch.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Quadratus Plantae.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Quadratus Plantae.

Structure.

  • Origin: calcaneus.
  • Insertion: tendon of flexor digitorum longus.

Function.

  • Concentric action: helps flexor digitorum longus to flex toes II-V at interphalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints.
  • Reverse mover action: flexion of metarsals at MTP, and flexion of proximal phalanges at PIP and DIP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates extension at MTP, PIP, and DIP.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes MTP, PIP, and DIP.
  • Innervation: lateral plantar nerve.
  • Arterial supply: medial and lateral plantar arteries.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Flexor Digitorum Brevis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Flexor Digitorum Brevis.

Structure.

  • Origin: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis.
  • Insertion: sides of middle phalanx of toes II-IV.

Function.

  • Concentric action: flexes toes II-IV at proximal interphalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints.
  • Reverse mover action: flex metatarsals at MTP, flex prosimal phalanges at PIP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates extension of toes 2-5 at MTP and PIP, and extension of metatarsals 2-5 at MTP.
  • Isometric action: stabilize MTP and PIP.
  • Innervation: medial plantar nerve.
  • Arterial supply: medial and lateral plantar arteries.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Abductor Digiti Minimi Pedis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Abductor Digiti Minimi Pedis.

Structure.

  • Origin: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis.
  • Insertion: lateral side of proximal phalanx of little toe with the tendon of the flexor digiti minimi brevis.

Function.

  • Concentric action: abducts and flexes little toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: abduction of metatarsal of little toe at MTP; flex metatarsal of little toe at MTP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates adduction and extension of little toe at MTP.
  • Isometric action: stabilize little toe at MTP.
  • Innervation: lateral plantar nerve.
  • Arterial supply: lateral plantar artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Abductor Hallucis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Abductor Hallucis.

Structure.

  • Origin: calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum.
  • Insertion: medial side of proximal phalanx of great toe with the tendon of the flexor hallucis brevis.

Function.

  • Concentric action: abducts and flexes great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: abduction of hallux at MTP, flexion of hallux at MTP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates adduction and extension of hallux at MTP.
  • Isometric action: stabilization of hallux.
  • Innervation: medial plantar nerve.
  • Arterial supply: medial plantar artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Extensor Hallucis Brevis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Extensor Hallucis Brevis.

Structure.

  • Origin: dorsal surface of calcaneus.
  • Insertion: dorsal surface of big toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: extend big toe at MTP.
  • Reverse mover action: extend metatarsal of big toe at MTP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion of MTP of big toe.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes big toe MTP joint.
  • Innervation: deep fibular (peroneal) nerve.
  • Arterial supply: dorsalis pedis artery.

Clinical Significance.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Extensor Digitorum Brevis.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Extensor Digitorum Brevis.

Structure.

  • Origin: calcaneus and inferior extensor retinaculum.
  • Insertion: tendons of extensor digitorum longus on toes II-IV and proximal phalanx of great toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: extends toes II-IV at interphalangeal joints.
  • Reverse mover action: extend metatarsal at MTP, extend proximal phalanges at PIP and DIP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion of toes 2-4 at MTP, PIP, and DIP; flexion of metatarsals 2-4 at MTP.
  • Isometric action: stabilize MTP, PIP, and DIP.
  • Innervation: deep fibular (peroneal) nerve.
  • Arterial supply: dorsalis pedis artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Flexor Hallucis Longus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Flexor Hallucis Longus.

Structure.

  • Origin: inferior 2/3 of fibula.
  • Insertion: distal phalanges of great toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle plantar flexion, flexion of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion; inversion/supination; flex metatarsal at MTP joint and proximal phalanx at IP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates big toe atMTP and IP, and metatarsal at MTP; dorsiflexion of ankle; eversion at subtalar joint.
  • Isometric action: stabilize ankle, subtalar, and MTP and IP joints.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arterial supply: posterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Flexor Digitorum Longus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Flexor Digitorum Longus.

Structure.

  • Origin: posterior surface of tibia.
  • Insertion: distal phalanges of toes II-V.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle plantar flexion, flexion of distal and middle phalanges of toes at interphalangeal joints and proximal phalanx of each toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: plantarflexion; inversion/supination of talus at subtalar joint; flex metatarsals at MTP and also proximal phalanges at IP.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates ankle dorsiflexion; eversion; extension of toes 2-5 at MTP and IP.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes ankle, subtalar joint, and MTP and IP joints.
  • Innervation: tibial nerve.
  • Arterial supply: posterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

Posted on by

Muscles: Extensor Hallucis Longus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Extensor Hallucis Longus (toes).

Structure.

  • Origin: anterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane.
  • Insertion: distal phalanx of great toe.

Function.

  • Concentric action: ankle dorsiflexion; extension of proximal phalanx of great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint.
  • Reverse mover action: dorsiflexion and inversion/supination of talus at subtalar joint; extension of metatarsal at MTP and extension of proximal phalanx.
  • Eccentric action: controls/restrains/decelerates flexion of big toe at MTP and IP, and metatarsal at MTP; plantarflexion and eversion at subtalar joint.
  • Isometric action: stabilizes ankle and subtalar joints.
  • Innervation: deep fibular (peroneal) nerve.
  • Arterial supply: anterior tibial artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.