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Muscles: Hyoglossus.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Inferior oblique.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: greater horn and body of hyoid.

  • Insertion: side of tongue.

Function.

  • Concentric action: depress tongue.

  • Eccentric action:

  • Isometric action:

  • Innervation: hypoglossal XII nerve.

  • Arterial supply: lingual artery.

Clinical Significance.

 

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Palatoglossus.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Inferior oblique.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: anterior surface of soft palate.

  • Insertion: side of tongue.

Function.

  • Concentric action: elevates posterior portion of tongue and moves soft palate down on tongue.

  • Eccentric action:

  • Isometric action:

  • Innervation: pharyngeal plexus (vagus X and accessory XI nerves).

  • Arterial supply: Lingual artery.

Clinical Significance.

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Styloglossus.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Inferior oblique.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: styloid process of temporal bone.

  • Insertion: side and undersurface of tongue.

Function.

  • Concentric action: elevates and retracts tongue.

  • Eccentric action:

  • Isometric action:

  • Innervation: hypoglossal XII nerve.

  • Arterial supply: sublingual branch of the lingual artery.

Clinical Significance.

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Genioglossus.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Inferior oblique.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: mandible.

  • Insertion: underneath surface of tongue; hyoid bone.

Function.

  • Concentric action: depress tongue; thrusts tongue anteriorly (protraction).

  • Eccentric action:      

  • Isometric action:

  • Innervation: hypoglossal XII nerve.

  • Arterial supply: Lingual artery.

Clinical Significance.

 

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Buccinator.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Buccinator.

Structure.

  • Origin: alveolar process of maxilla and mandible; pterygomandibular raphe.
  • Insertion: orbicularis oris.
  • Deep to masseter and orbicularis oris.

Function.

  • Concentric action: press cheeks against teeth and lips (whistling, glowing, sucking); draws corners of mouth laterally; aids chewing.
  • Eccentric action:
  • Isometric action:
  • Innervation: facial VII nerve.
  • Arterial supply: maxillary and facial arteries.
  • “Buccinator the whistling sucking chew-inator”.

Clinical Significance.

More.


References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Inferior Oblique.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Inferior oblique.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: maxilla in orbital floor.
  • Insertion: between inferior and lateral recti.

Function.

  • Concentric action: moves eyeball superiorly; lateral rotation. Extorsion.
  • Reverse mover action:
  • Eccentric action:
  • Isometric action:
  • Innervation: oculomotor III nerve.
  • Arterial supply: branches off the opthalmic artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Superior Oblique.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Superior oblique.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: sphenoid, superior and medial to the tendinous ring in orbit.
  • Insertion: between superior and lateral recti; tendons that pass through the trochlea.

Function.

  • Concentric action: moves eyeball inferiorly; medial rotation.
  • Reverse mover action:
  • Eccentric action:
  • Isometric action:
  • Innervation: trochlear IV nerve.
  • Arterial supply: branches off the opthalmic artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Medial Rectus.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Medial rectus.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: orbit around optic foramen (common tendinous ring).
  • Insertion: medial part of eyeball.

Function.

  • Concentric action: moves eyeball medially.
  • Reverse mover action:
  • Eccentric action:
  • Isometric action:
  • Innervation: oculomotor III nerve.
  • Arterial supply: branches off the opthalmic artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Lateral Rectus.

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Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Lateral rectus.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: orbit around optic foramen (common tendinous ring).
  • Insertion: lateral part of eyeball.

Function.

  • Concentric action: moves eyeball laterally.
  • Reverse mover action:
  • Eccentric action:
  • Isometric action:
  • Innervation: abducens VI nerve.
  • Arterial supply: branches off the opthalmic artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.

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Muscles: Superior Rectus.

Download these notes.

Anatomy & Physiology: Muscles—Superior rectus.

 

Structure.

  • Origin: orbit around optic foramen (common tendinous ring).
  • Insertion: superior and central part of eyeball.

Function.

  • Concentric action: moves eyeball superiorly and medially; medial rotation.
  • Reverse mover action:
  • Eccentric action:
  • Isometric action:
  • Innervation: oculomotor III nerve.
  • Arterial supply: branches off the opthalmic artery.

Clinical Significance.

More.

 

References

Biel, A. (2015). Trail guide to the body: A hands-on guide to locating muscles, bones and more.

Clark, M., Lucett, S., Sutton, B. G., & National Academy of Sports Medicine. (2014). NASM essentials of corrective exercise training. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Jenkins, G., & Tortora, G. J. (2012). Anatomy and Physiology: From Science to Life, 3rd Edition International Stu. John Wiley & Sons.

Muscolino, J. E. (2017). The muscular system manual: The skeletal muscles of the human body.